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Fig. 4.20 Regional TEC difference maps for 30.12.2010-02.01.2011 ( top to bottom ), 02 UT-24
UT ( left to right ) before the earthquakes of Argentina, 1 January 2011, 09:56 UT and Chile, 2
January 2011, 20:20 UT. Stars , epicenter position for Argentina ( right star ) and Chile ( left star )
earthquakes; diamond , corresponding magnetically conjugated point; orange circle , subsolar point;
black curve , terminator line
02 UT-14 UT, in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres. After the passage
of the sunrise terminator, positive structures were also observed at the Southern
Hemisphere during 08-12 UT of January 2002. Disturbances at the magnetically
conjugated region were insignificant or absent. After the shock of the seismic event
realization and the terminator crossing, as well as the passage of the subsolar point,
we still observe positive disturbances, possibly as post-effects of the earthquake. The
sunlit conditions lead to TEC enhancement modifications up to their full suppression
close to the subsolar point sector.
4.3.5.4
Case Study of the TEC Disturbances Before the Earthquake of 11
March 2011, M9.0, in Japan
Although the case of the Haiti earthquake was an example of a 'clear' phenomenon
manifestation undisturbed by geomagnetic or other seismic events, the Japan
earthquake is a case of disturbed events. The aim of this section is to check the
conformance of the foregoing scheme and to contrast it with real pre-earthquake
TEC modifications.
In case of the 11 March 2011 earthquake in Japan, M9.0 (38.322 ı N, 142.369 ı E),
D 32 km, a sequence of strong seismic events took place close to and associated
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