Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
PARTICLE SIZE (in nm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
30
ε
=100
ε
=5
25
ε
=2
q=Q=1
20
15
10
5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
PARTICLE SIZE (in units of l
c
)
Fig. 3.9
Enhancement factor ".a/ as the function of particle size for recombination of oppositely
charged ion and particle.
Lower horizontal axis
shows particle size in units of the Coulomb length
l
c
D
ˇe
2
charges q
D
Q
D
1. It is seen that in this case the enhancement factor is less
sensitive to the value of ". Another factor, the ratio of charges, strongly affects the
ion flux. This effect is shown in Fig.
3.10
.
Similarly charged particles and ions are repelled, and the process of double
charging is suppressed by the charge repulsion. This effect is shown in Figs.
3.11
and
3.12
for the same sets of " and as in Figs.
3.9
and
3.10
. A single-term approximate
formula describes this process:
".a/
e
u
0
2
.
u
0
/
