Regulation of Base Excision Repair in Eukaryotes by Dynamic Localization Strategies - Progress in Molecular Biology - page 100

Protein(s) Organism Gene(s) Reported mode of dynamic localization Stimulus

Cockayne syndrome complementation
group B

Human CSB Localization shifts to the mitochondria in response to

mitochondrial oxidative stress where CSB affects incision
activity of mitochondrial extracts for oxidative base
damage 180

Mitochondrial
oxidative
stress

DNA topoisomerase 2 Human TOP2 Sumoylation of TOP2I causes it to localize to centromeres

during mitotic chromosome assembly where it promotes a
final step in decatenation 181

Cell cycle

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RAD18 Human RAD18 Cell cycle-dependent localization with one or two foci

forming during G 1 -phase; in S-phase, more foci form
while decreasing in size, and in G 2 -phase, foci disappear
and Rad18 is relocated to the nucleoli 182

Cell cycle

Endonuclease III/thymine glycol DNA
glycosylase

S. cerevisiae NTG1 Localization shifts to nuclei or mitochondria in response to

organelle-specific oxidative DNA damage 39,183

Oxidative
DNA
damage

Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1 Human FEN1 Phosphorylation at Ser187 in response to UV irradiation

drives translocation of FEN1 from the nucleoli to the
general nucleus 184

UV irradiation

Ribonucleotide reductase heterodimer
subunit

S. cerevisiae Rnr2-Rnr4 Increased cytoplasmic localization upon DNA damage

through decreased nuclear retention and decreased
nuclear import lowers the level of dNTPs in the nucleus 185

DNA damage

Werner syndrome, RecQ helicase-like Human WRN In response to UV exposure, WRN translocates from the

nucleolus to nucleoplasmic foci; the rate and extent of
WRN redistribution are correlated with the UV dose and
linked to protein acetylation 186

UV irradiation

Xeroderma pigmentosum,
complementation group G

Human XPGC Relocalizes from the perinucleolar sites to the general

nucleus following UV irradiation in a dose-dependent
manner 187

UV irradiation

X-ray repair complementing defective
repair in Chinese hamster cells 1
and DNA ligase III alpha

Human XRCC1 and

LIGIII

During metaphase in response to hydrogen peroxide, both
XRCC1 and LIGIII a translocate from the centrosomes to
the mitotic chromosomes in order to repair SSBs 188

Oxidative
DNA a