Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 7.1
Phases of the gait cycle
This data is most often measured with optical motion capture techniques. For
this purpose, retro-reflecting markers are placed on the skin of an individual in
relation to specific bone landmarks. The markers are tracked using eight or more
infrared high speed cameras arranged so that they surround the entire volume in
which the measurements are taking place. The markers positions are known as the
individual performs a movement inside the measurement volume such that joint
kinematic and kinetic data can be derived with dedicated analysis software. It is
important to mention that motion capture recordings are commonly accompanied
by other measurements such as electromyography (muscle activation), foot pressure
and oxygen consumption measurements among many others.
7.3 Musculoskeletal Modeling and Dynamic Simulation
Musculoskeletal modeling is a predictive computational approach that consists of
detailed representations of the bones, muscles, tendons and ligament anatomy, driven
in simulation by measurements of subject specific mechanics.
