Environmental Engineering Reference
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Three units were built of this type. The first one was inaugurated
in 1990 on the famous island Helgoland, located in the German North
Sea. It lasted until 1995, due to various lighting strikes and other
technical problems.
The second unit was installed on the GROWIAN foundation in
Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog in the year 1992. This machine operated until
1997. Since 1999 it served as an attraction for EXPO 2000 visitors
and other people interested in renewable energy technology. Nacelle
and rotor were placed on the ground and prepared for regular
viewing.
Figure 18.4
One of the three GROWIAN II/WKA-60 units for research
application rated at 1200 kW. The turbine located at Kaiser-
Wilhelm-Koog, northern Germany, 1997. Note the working
platform and the voluminous design (Photo: Arne Jaeger).
A third unit was placed at Cabo Vilano, Galicia, northern Spain,
together with Spanish partners. The overall aim of these machines
was to gain more experience on large-scale wind turbines operating
in grid-connection.
18.2.1.3 Influence of Ulrich Hütter
Apart from many other persons who did important and influential
research in Germany, the wind energy pioneer Ulrich Hütter
should be emphasised for his remarkable technological influence.
In the 1950s he developed a highly progressive wind turbine that
pointed the way. It was a two-bladed downwind machine rated
at 100 kW. Equipped with pitchable blades and a guy-wired
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