Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
13.2.4 The Calorius Windmill
Hans Henrik Ekner from Slagelse developed a -bladed house-
hold windmill with a water brake, the Calorius windmill. It was
approved by the Risø test station for windmills. The windmill was
mounted on a 9 m tube tower held up by four wires. The rotor
diameter was 5 m. It was upwind and held by a wind vane. The
water brake was of the closed Culver-type.
The power limit was set in the way that the water brake changed
characteristics in a very clever way. When the maximum efect was
achieved, the rotor stalled. The windmill had variable rotation
conditions with constant tip-speed ratio until the power limit stall
takes over and the tip speed was held constant.
This wind turbine—Calorius type 37, was the only water
brake windmill approved and tested at Risø test station and
documented in the reports “I-986” and “I-1205”. The measurements
showed that the maximum capacity was 3.5 kW at about m/s.
The company Acoustica conducted the noise measurements: The
Calorius windmill was very quiet.
The safe-guard against run away was a mechanical brake
activated by too high speed. However, it was difficult to adjust and
this caused some problems.
In the period from 1993 to 2000, the firm Westrup from Slagelse
built a total of 34 Calorius wind turbines. By 0, there were still
7 in operation.
Figure 13.5
Calorius windmill.
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