Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
has now promoted wind power and other forms of RES (including
wave power) for nearly 30 years. The concept of a development
centre supporting SMEs in the field of RES has been copied
internationally in a number of countries as described in more detail
in the chapters by Maegaard and Dykes.
In 1988 the Steering Committee funded five draft projects for
ofshore wind farms in Danish waters. The results were presented
at a seminar in 1989, and one of the projects was considered
so promising that funding was provided by the committee for
a detailed project design. However, the project was never realised
due to opposition from the Ministry of Energy. I had several
meetings with representatives from the ministry but they turned
out to be exceptionally creative concerning obstacles to the whole
idea of ofshore wind farms. Their worries included concern
of possible damage to sunken (unknown) old ship wrecks and
problems for the Danish military that wanted free access to
shooting exercises over the sea (Meyer, 2000).
Luckily, Danish wind power industry had more influence on
the ministry and the first ofshore wind farm in the world was
made operational in September 1991 at a site northwest of the island
of Lolland in the Baltic Sea (Fig. 6.4). For the next decade Denmark
was leading the global development of ofshore wind parks of
increasing sizes as illustrated in Table 6.2. Today, the waters
around the United Kingdom have taken over this role.
Table 6.2
Ofshore wind farms on Danish waters
Year
Place
Number of turbines
Total capacity (MW)
1991
Vindeby
11
5
1995
Tunø Knob
10
5
2001
Middelgrunden
20
40
2002
Horns Reef 1
80
160
2003
Nysted
72
166
2003
Rønland
8
17
2003
Samsø
10
23
2009
Sprogø
7
21
2009
Horns Reef 2
91
209
2010
Avedøre Holme
3
11
2010
Rødsand
90
207
2012
Anholt
Under construction
400
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