Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Ciliary
axoneme
Microtubule
pair
Ciliary membrane
Cell membrane
Transition zone
Basal body
Figure 9.6 Primary cilium structure. Model is based on
Adams (2010)
and
Louvi and Grove
(2011)
.
phenotypewas inducedwith the targeted deletion of primary cilia exclusively
on pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons in the hypothala-
mus, suggesting that satiety circuits are disrupted. Further, knockout of
BBS2
,
BBS4
,or
BBS6
in mice induces leptin resistance, indicating that
BBS proteins are necessary for the reception of this satiety signal (
Seo
et al., 2009
).
Involvement of the neuronal primary cilia in satiety and feeding behavior
indicates that they could be very important in regulating several circannually
timed events. Both migration and hibernation require periods of hyperpha-
gia and weight gain, along with long periods of hypophagia. In the hypo-
thalamus of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel, several BBS transcripts are
differentially expressed across the hibernation season, including
BBS1
,
which is elevated during April and October, and
BBS2
,
BBS4
,
BBS5
,
