Digital Signal Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter- 3
Computer Vision
Computer vision
is the science and technology of machines that see, where
see
in this
case means that the machine is able to extract information from an image that is
necessary to solve some task. As a scientific discipline, computer vision is concerned
with the theory behind artificial systems that extract information from images. The image
data can take many forms, such as video sequences, views from multiple cameras, or
multi-dimensional data from a medical scanner.
As a technological discipline, computer vision seeks to apply its theories and models to
the construction of computer vision systems. Examples of applications of computer
vision include systems for:
Controlling processes (e.g., an industrial robot or an autonomous vehicle).
Detecting events (e.g., for visual surveillance or people counting).
Organizing information (e.g., for indexing databases of images and image
sequences).
Modeling objects or environments (e.g., industrial inspection, medical image
analysis or topographical modeling).
Interaction (e.g., as the input to a device for computer-human interaction).
Computer vision is closely related to the study of biological vision. The field of
biological vision studies and models the physiological processes behind visual perception
in humans and other animals. Computer vision, on the other hand, studies and describes
the processes implemented in software and hardware behind artificial vision systems.
Interdisciplinary exchange between biological and computer vision has proven fruitful for
both fields.
Computer vision is, in some ways, the inverse of computer graphics. While computer
graphics produces image data from 3D models, computer vision often produces 3D
models from image data. There is also a trend towards a combination of the two
disciplines, e.g., as explored in augmented reality.
Sub-domains of computer vision include scene reconstruction, event detection, video
tracking, object recognition, learning, indexing, motion estimation, and image restoration.
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