Lossless Data Compression - Important Concepts in Signal Processing, Image Processing and Data Compression - page 56

Some of the most common lossless compression algorithms are listed below.

General purpose

Run-length encoding - a simple scheme that provides good compression of data
containing lots of runs of the same value.

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LZW - used by GIF images and compress among applications

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DEFLATE - used by gzip, modern versions of zip and as part of the compression
process of PNG, PPP, HTTP, SSH

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bzip2 - a successor to deflate, slower but with higher compression

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Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm (LZMA) - used by 7zip, xz, and other
programs; higher compression than bzip2

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Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer (LZO) - designed for compression/decompression speed
at the expense of compression ratios

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Statistical Lempel Ziv - a combination of statistical method and dictionary-based
method; better compression ratio than using single method.

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Audio

Waveform audio format - WAV

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Free Lossless Audio Codec - FLAC

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Apple Lossless - ALAC (Apple Lossless Audio Codec)

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apt-X - Lossless

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Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding - ATRAC 

Audio Lossless Coding - also known as MPEG-4 ALS

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MPEG-4 SLS - also known as HD-AAC

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Direct Stream Transfer - DST

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Dolby TrueHD

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DTS-HD Master Audio

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Meridian Lossless Packing - MLP

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Monkey's Audio - Monkey's Audio APE

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OptimFROG

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RealPlayer - RealAudio Lossless

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Shorten - SHN

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TTA - True Audio Lossless

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WavPack - WavPack lossless

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WMA Lossless - Windows Media Lossless

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Graphics

ILBM - (lossless RLE compression of Amiga IFF images)

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JBIG2 - (lossless or lossy compression of B&W images)

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JPEG-LS - (lossless/near-lossless compression standard)

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JPEG 2000 - (includes lossless compression method, as proven by Sunil Kumar,
Prof San Diego State University)

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