Information Technology Reference
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model. These interactions are represented by the description of the activity of users
observed. Each action-objective sequence represents the request for an object. It is
therefore a call for a class method that could possibly lead to its change of state. The
construction of this model must enable the expectations of the user to be situated in
relation to an object or a situation of information use. The classes that have been
described in the model of the domain will then be able to be enriched with
characteristics corresponding to the needs observed.
The static model of the domain has been built on the basis of a class diagram
describing the defined entities and their relations. The basic diagram will be built on
the four entities described in the generic diagram in Figure 2.3.
The dynamic model of the activity was built on the base of a use case diagram.
This diagram must exhaustively describe the types of interaction of the user with the
IIS. The construction of this requires the abstraction of objectives that are
recurrently found with all users and contrary to the specific and particular
objectives. This abstraction work is carried out based on the representation of
information use activity [MOU 07].
System modeling is carried out by the designer. Indeed, the modeling and
drafting of specifications of the system are strongly linked to development
technologies and to technical constraints. However, the method aims to integrate the
ergonomic proposals into the system as well as possible. Data representation of
activity analysis is carried out with this aim. Thus, the data concerning the needs are
qualified by the elements referring back to the classes of the static model. The
modeling can be noted in a formalism that is adequate for implementation.
2.4.3.4.
Evaluation of specifications
Given the previous representation, it becomes possible to model the satisfaction
of a user need by an IIS in the form of a function linking the activity of use to the
data resources of the IIS. An information need is identified when a user is searching
for a solution to a given problem in his context of use. Once identified, each need
gives rise to the construction of a solution. In other terms, the satisfaction of a user
need (
S
B
) is a projection of a situation defined by an event E and a context of use C
in a space of solutions expressed in terms of data resources P
R
:
S
B
:
(E,C)
P
R
A context of use is made up of the objects, user, media and place. The couple
(event and context) constitutes a situation of use that generates an information need.
Each situation of use is linked to one or several possible solutions put forward by the
ergonomist to meet this need. This proposal is expressed in terms of data resources
that are needed to build it. The function of satisfaction need (
S
B
) thus defined, is
