Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
- the difficulty of extracting coherent elements from the auditory icons
(segmentation) as well as the feasibility of parameters used, particularly pitch:
problem - specific to sampling techniques - sound quality that comes from
transposition, especially when the transposition rate becomes high;
- the complexity of the approach by physical modeling, which generally offers a
greater number of physical control parameters: relevance of the choice of these
parameters and, as the case may be, their rate of variation, which can initially be
evaluated on a perceptive level (by asking, for example, if the variation of such a
parameter is audible and enables us to efficiently discriminate one position in
relation to another).
Moreover, unlike the frame of certain previous studies (see section 8
.
3), we have
set ourselves the requirement of carrying out relatively short sounds (less than a
second in total) so that the information is rapidly given and perceived to thus avoid
annoying the user. This constraint first of all involves consequences for the
“duration” sonification parameters but also for their choice of physical models used
or certain control parameters (in particular, the physical shock damping units linked
to materials and modes of the resonance of models).
8.4.2.
Two instances of the model
The mixed model of sonification of a hierarchical menu described in section
8.4.1 was instantiated according to two distinct modalities to provide two different
solutions to the application targeted by the study (automobile multimedia center),
presented in detail in section 8.2.1. This stage of applied creation was also
completely carried out by an “expert” in the sound domain - Andrea Cera
10
,
composer and sound designer.
8.4.2.1.
Hybrid solution
The hybrid solution is based on a series of auditory icons that come from
recordings of real sounds in the environment. Particular attention was given to the
quality of recordings used, by carrying out selection in a professional sound bank
used in audiovisual production (Sound Ideas
11
). The main associations brought to
light by the six first-level main menus are following (those that were effectively
retained are in bold):
-
Communication
: Morse code, telephone
(dialing, ringtone), modem, computer
(keyboard), etc.
10 brahms.ircam.fr/andrea-cera.
11 www.sound-ideas.com.
