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include, walking in front of a moving truck, thinking that it has unlimited breaking
abilities; overtaking a truck on the inside thinking there is enough time to pass
before it turns; not taking into account the backup signal, etc.)
7.4. Specification of the assistance
All the results previously obtained enabled us to initiate the key stage of the
approach, i.e. develop the specifications of the assistance.
The VIVRE2 system was designed to assist drivers in many critical situations
involving vulnerable users, pedestrians and cyclists, and industrial vehicles in an
urban environment at a low speed. From a functional point of view, a critical
situation is a situation requiring information feedback from the systems (informative
system) associated with an adjustment of the driving action from the driver and/or
system (active assistance). Thus, before more specifically defining the assistance
strategies of systems and human-machine systems by enabling the application, it
was essential to identify these situations.
7.4.1.
Identification of cases of use
The study was based on the results of analyses carried out at the previous stage
completed by accident research reports. The situations retained are representative of
accidents that are statistically the most frequent and situations to which drivers are
confronted daily and that they describe as being particularly stressful. This is the
case, in particular, when reversing industrial vehicles, for which the drivers observed
the need for assistance during the analysis of activities clearly expressed (vision and
detection of users). It is the same for situations of sudden crossing by a pedestrian
during a distribution round. Finally, the turning right with a cyclist in the right blind
spot was highlighted by the services in charge road safety in Paris, who have been
confronted with a renewed upsurge of this type of accident since the implementation
of the VéLib service (free service bicycles) and the services operating urban buses
(KEOLIS in Lyon).
In total, three classes of situation (C1 to C3) and six critical situations were
retained (S1 to S6, see Table 7.1): the situations of reversing and at the start, going
forward and at the start, turning right after a traffic light and overtaking a user on the
road (pedestrian or cyclist) going the same way (Figure 7.6).
