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extremes of the chain, we can give the example of the driver who feels faint and the
imperative need, in these conditions, for the automaton to take total control of the
vehicle. This is in order to immediately alert the other drivers (or pedestrians) of the
danger but also, and especially where possible, to enable the stopping and secured
parking of the vehicle (SAVE
13
project). Beyond this dramatic, but relatively rare,
case, it is above all a matter of diagnosing states of driver hypovigilance and to alert
them so he becomes aware of the change in their abilities and/or so that he can
correct a driving error before it causes an accident.
Figure 5.4.
Analysis of eye movements and blinking to estimate the driver's state of vigilance
This diagnosis in real time can rest on behavioral measures (such as eye
movements and/or visual strategies, see Figure 5.4, posture in the driver's seating
area, more or less atypical actions on the commands, etc.). It can also rest on
physiological data (such as the cardiac frequency or the measure of cerebral activity
with electroencephalograms) or the analysis of driving performance (exposition of
the vehicle on the lane, unusual deviation from the trajectory, dramatic and recurrent
variations in distance monitoring).
13 SAVE (European project 1995-1998): System for effective Assessment of the driver state
and Vehicle control in Emergency situations.
