Graphics Reference
In-Depth Information
Objectives of Movement
We have seen how it may be necessary to readjust the position of the body at
rest to achieve balance. Before we look in some detail at the various aspects of
movement, it may be useful to look at a very simplified set of classifications of
the objectives of movement. This study can go some way to identifying these
different drivers that instigate movement and may help us gain a deeper
understanding of the nature of those movements. To understand movement,
it is helpful to understand why a particular movement or set of movements is
undertaken. The
objectives of movement
fall into five separate categories:
• Balance
• Locomotion
• Projection
• Manipulation
•
Efort
Balance
One of the primary objectives in movement is for the figure to maintain
stability during an action. This applies during both fast and slow movements,
though achieving stability is determined in part by the nature of the
movement. For example, it may be easier for a figure to maintain balance on a
bicycle moving at speed rather than one moving at very low speeds.
Balance
is the state of a figure that has achieved a degree of stability either
during motion or at rest. Balance may be the objective of an action in order
for a figure to gain, maintain, or regain this stability. Balance may be gained as
a result of an action or at the end of an action, or it could be necessary as part
of the preparation for an action.
Locomotion
The objective of
locomotion
may simply be for the figure to move from point
A to point B or for it to travel a given distance. Locomotion may describe
movement in a particular manner or mode: running, walking, swimming,
hopping, jumping, or a combination of these. The manner of locomotion
will be determined by a range of internal and external factors. Walking may
conserve energy; running may result in shorter travel times; and swimming is
clearly the preferred method of locomotion through water.
Projection
The
projection
of an object through space via a throwing action will also be
determined by the outcome required. It may be necessary to use maximum
force and for the object to describe a particular trajectory in order for an
object to achieve the maximum height. To achieve maximum distance
the force required may be similar in that used to achieve maximum height,
though the trajectory may be very different. The throwing action required
