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so that the
x
-velocity is zero along the upper and lower edge and the
y
-velocity is zero
along the left and right boundaries. Let us take two points initially positioned at
x
1
=
0.1,
y
1
=
0.1,
y
2
= 0.2, respectively. How does the distance between these
two points change through time (
t
0.1 and
x
2
=
0.1, 0.2, etc)? (Hint: remember that
x
and
y
are
time-independent to infer the position at
t
=
+
t
from the position at
t
and proceed by
0.01; use a spreadsheet or any other software).
17. Discuss why a Poisson distribution of the length-scale of isotopic heterogeneities -
and not a homogeneous composition - are indicative of full mixing. Why can we can
we assign such a distribution to a “memoryless” process?
small increments, e.g.
t
=
References
♠
Batchelor, G. K. (1959) Small-scale variation of convected quantities like temperature
in a turbulent fluid, 1, General discussion and the case of small conductivity.
J. Fluid
Mech.
,
5
, 113-133.
♠
Bolin, B. and Rodhe, H. (1973) A note on the concepts of age distribution and transit
time in natural reservoirs.
Tellus
,
25
, 58-62.
♠
Broecker, W. S. and Peng, T. H. (1982)
Tracers in the Sea
. Palisades: Eldigio.
♠
Eriksson, E. (1971) Compartment models and reservoir theory.
Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst.
,
2
,
67-84.
♠
Houghton, R. A. (2003) Revised estimates of the annual net flux of carbon to the atmo-
sphere from changes in land use and land management 1850-2000.
Tellus
,
55B
,
378-390.
Lerman, A. (1988)
Geochemical Processes
. Malabar: Kreiger.
Garrels, R. M. and Mackenzie, F. T. (1971) Gregor's denudation of the continents.
Nature
,
231
, 382-383.
Ottino, J. M. (1989)
The Kinematics of Mixing: Stretching, Chaos, and Transport
.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Vlastelic, I. Deniel, C., Bosq., C.,
et al.
(2008) Pb isotope geochemistry of Piton de la
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,
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