Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
greenskin.Itisalate-maturingpearwithaverylongstoragelife.Itcanproduce
parthenocarpic fruits and is a heavy and regular cropper but is susceptible to
fire blight. It is the predominant cultivar in the European Union.
'Packham's Triumph' was selected in New South Wales, Australia from a
cross made in
between 'Uvedale's S
t
Germain' and 'Williams'
Bon Chretien' ('Bartlett'). The fruits are large and obtusely pyriform with a
pale green skin becoming lime-yellow when ripe. It matures about
or
days
later than 'Williams'' in South Africa. The fruits are of excellent eating
and storage quality. The trees are good, consistent croppers. They have a
rather lower chilling requirement than other major European cultivars so
'Packham's' is particularly important in areas with marginally inadequate
winter chilling for temperate tree fruit production such as South Africa.
Some 'low-chilling-requirement' strains, e.g. 'Africana' have been selected
(HauaggeandCummins,
).'Packham'sTriumph'isverysusceptibletofire
blight.
'Coscia' originated in Italy prior to
. It is grown in North Africa where
it is considered to have a low chilling requirement.
Asian pear cultivars
The impact of modern plant breeding has been particularly great with respect
to Japanese pears (Kajiura,
).
'Kosui' is the leading pear in Japan. It was released by the National Fruit
Tree Research Station in
. The trees are vigorous, moderately productive
and resistant to black spot (
Alternaria alternata
). The fruits are medium-sized,
yellow to golden-brown and russeted with very sweet flesh.
'Hosui', the second in importance in Japan, was introduced in
. It has
larger fruits (
g) and ripens about two weeks later than 'Kosui'. The
fruits are russeted and golden to golden-brown with sweet, crisp and juicy
flesh.
'Nijisseiki', the leading cultivar in the past, was introduced in
-
.The
fruits are green, medium-sized, crisp, juicy and sweet with a longer storage
life than 'Kosui' or 'Hosui'. It is, however, difficult to grow and susceptible
to black spot. An irradiation-induced mutant, 'Gold Nijisseiki', is resistant to
black spot.
'Niitaka', an early breeding programme product, is a late-season pear with
very large orange-brown russeted fruits that can be stored for
months.
'Shinko', another late-season pear, is resistant to black spot with russet
brown, medium to large fruits, and good eating and storage quality.
'Tse-Li'and'Ya-Li'aretraditionalChinesepearswithlargefruitsthatcanbe
stored for
-
weeks. They are cold-hardy and have lower chilling requirements
than the main Japanese cultivars.
