Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
'Elstar'wasbredatWageningenintheNetherlandsbyT.Visser.Itoriginated
as a cross between 'Golden Delicious' and 'Ingrid Marie' made in
and it
was introduced in
mm diameter)
and yellow with orange-red stripes. The flesh is white, firm and rather coarse,
and acid at harvest but develops a very good flavour after two weeks in store.
The trees are very vigorous and precocious. They are harvested three and a
halfweeksbefore'GoldenDelicious',i.e.requireonlyarelativelyshortgrowing
season, and perform best in cool areas. 'Elista' is a natural mutation with much
more and brighter red striping of the skin surface. 'Elstar' has rather similar
storage life to 'Cox's Orange Pippin'. It is susceptible to apple scab and very
susceptible to powdery mildew and to Phytophthora fruit rot.
'Braeburn' was discovered in Waiwhero, New Zealand by O. Moran in
. The fruits are medium to large (
-
as a seedling of unknown parentage. The fruits are medium to large
with a glossy skin covered with short stripes of dark crimson three-quarters
overlaid with a dark scarlet blush. The flesh is pale cream, very firm, crisp
and juicy with a subacid flavour and overall excellent quality. The trees are
of moderate vigour, spreading, productive and precocious with a tendency to
biennial bearing easily controlled by pruning. The fruit ripens late, just before
that of 'Fuji' when grown under the same conditions. It is an important cultivar
in New Zealand and is being planted in other countries or regions with long
growing seasons. It has fruited heavily in Zimbabwe without application of a
dormancy-breaking spray at a site with a long-term average of only
chilling
C) under conditions where 'Gala' and 'Jonagold' required
a dormancy-breaking chemical spray. 'Hillwell' ('Red Braeburn') is a more
highly coloured sport. 'Braeburn' has a longer storage life than 'Cox's Orange
Pippin' but shorter than 'Red Delicious' or 'Golden Delicious'. It is subject to
Braeburn Browning Disorder in store.
'Cox's Orange Pippin' was raised by Richard Cox in Slough, England in
about
hours (below
.
and is said to be a seedling of 'Ribston Pippin'. The fruits are
of medium size (
mm diameter) with a light golden-yellow ground colour,
one-quarter to three-quarters flushed with brownish orange-red stripes. The
flesh is cream in colour and is firm, fine-textured, juicy, slightly acid although
with sweetness and with a rich flavour. The trees are moderately vigorous,
upright-spreading and produce spurs freely. In England it usually flowers in
mid- to late May and is picked in the last week of September. This relatively
short season makes 'Cox's Orange Pippin' suitable for production in southern
England and the Netherlands but a tendency to produce small fruits in cooler
areas limits its potential further north. It is also grown in New Zealand, largely
for export to England, but the fruits are of very poor quality if grown in
southern Europe. In general yields are lower and more variable than those of,
for example, 'Golden Delicious' and storage life is shorter although it can be
kept for at least
months in controlled atmosphere stores. 'Queen Cox' is a
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