Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Molecular markers
The long juvenile period of apples and pears and their strong self-
incompatibility have limited the speed with which understanding of apple
genetics has been gained and genetic improvement achieved. Molecular mark-
ers are showing promise as tools for the detection of important genes without
the need to maintain progenies for years in the field. Markers have been
identified which are linked to genes relevant to important apple breeding
targets.
Isoenzyme studies linked LAP-
to a mildew resistance gene (Manganaris
and Alston,
).
PCR-based markers have been linked to the powdery mildew resistance gene
Pl (Markussen et al. ,
) and PGM-
to V f scab resistance (Manganaris et al. ,
), and SCAR and CAPS markers developed from
RAPDs linked to V f scab resistance (Gianfranceschi et al. ,
). Roche et al.
(
) identified molecular markers linked tightly to the gene Sd for resistance
to rosy leaf curling aphid.
Ethylene production, which is involved in fruit ripening and can determine
storage life in most Japanese pears, has been clarified at gene level. DNA
markers in
-month-old seedlings can be used to predict the maturation
time and storage potential of their fruits (Itai et al. ,
-
).
References
Bell, R.L., Scorza, R., Srinivasan, C. and Webb, K. (
). Transformation of
'Beurre Bosc' pear with the rolC gene. Journal of the American Society for
Horticultural Science
.
Castiglione, B.P., Pirola, B., Sala, F., Ventura, M., Pancaldi, M. and Sansavini, S.
(
,
-
). Molecular studies on ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes in apple.
Acta Horticulturae
.
Chevreau, E., Brisset, M.N., Paulin, J.P. and James, D.J. (). Fire blight
resistance and genetic trueness-to-type of four somaclonal variants from the
apple cultivar Greensleeves. Euphytica , -.
De Bondt, A., Eggermont, K., Druart, P., De Vil, M., Goderis, I., Vanderleyden,
J. and Broekaert, W.F. (). Agrobacterium- mediated transformation of apple
( Malus × domestica Borkh): an assessment of factors affecting gene transfer
efficiency during early transformation steps. Plant Cell Reports , -.
De Bondt, A., Eggermont, K., Penninckx, I., Goderis, I. and Broekaert, W.F.
( ). Agrobacterium- mediated transformation of apple ( Malus × domestica
Borkh): an assessment of factors affecting regeneration of transgenic plants.
Plant Cell Reports , -.
De Bondt, A., Zaman, S., Broekaert, W., Cammue, B. and Keulemans, J.
(). Genetic transformation of apple ( Malus pumila Mill) for increased
fungal resistance: in-vitro antifungal activity in protein extracts of
transgenic apple expressing RS- AFP or ACE- AMPI. Acta Horticulturae ,
-.
,
-
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