Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
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October and mid-December and replenishes reservoirs. But such rains oc-
cur only once in 2.5 years (Jeong, 2002). Without heavy rains, shortage of
water resources occurs in the following spring.
Drought Monitoring Methods
D rought Indices
The Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) has 509 automated rain-
gauge stations, which record precipitation on hourly or daily basis. Total
precipitation from September to the next May and the mean and standard
deviation of monthly precipitation from June to August, as well as monthly
precipitation deviation from the long-term average are simple parameters
used for drought monitoring. In addition, one-month forecasts of the tem-
perature and precipitation are made and broadcasted every 10 days, and
the outlook of temperature and precipitation for the next three and even
six months is also announced.
The KMA determines the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI; Palmer,
1965; chapters 9 and 12). The Korean Institute of Construction Technol-
ogy (KICT) also determines drought indices such as standard precipitation
index (SPI; chapter 9), PDSI, and surface water supply index (SWSI). These
indices are reported online (http://apply1.kma.go.kr/home/service/drought/
dro home.htm; http://www.kict.re.kr/wed/researches/wres/DroughtWeb/).
A drought index, EDI, developed by Byun and Wilhite (1999), is the
standardized value of the available water resources index (AWRI; Byun and
Lee, 2002), which is the accumulated precipitation with a time dependent
[390
Line
——
0.1
——
Norm
PgEn
[390
Figure 30.2 Daily precipitation and available water resources index (AWRI) averaged for 60
stations across Korea.
 
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