Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
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Table 15.1 Recurrence (%) of extremely severe and severe droughts in different
regions of Russia during 1946-95 period
Territory
May
June
July
Ce ntral-Chernozem Economic region (averaged)
23
18
16
Li petzk region
30
26
10
Ta mbov region
40
30
14
Kursk region
26
16
16
Belgorod region
26
24
24
Voronezh region
30
34
16
Po volzhsky economic region (averaged)
30
30
40
Vo lgograd region
50
56
60
Sa ratov region
38
52
50
Samara region
36
30
30
Penza region
38
22
12
[197
Ulianovsk region
34
20
14
Ta tarstan
38
24
14
As trakhan region
78
82
96
Kalmykia
56
54
72
Line
——
1.5
——
Norm
PgEn
North-Caucasus economic region (averaged)
16
18
26
Rostov region
26
26
48
Krasnodar territory
16
14
22
Sta vropol territory
14
20
32
Source: Ulanova and Strashnaya (2000).
du ring severe droughts of 1890, 1898, and 1911, when the yield was less
th an 60%, and during 1906, when the yield was only 25% of the mean
yi eld. During severe droughts in Russia during 1972, 1975, 1979, 1984,
an d 1995, the crop yield deviated by an average of 17-42% in Russia as a
w hole, up to 19-91% in the Central-Chernozem regions, up to 45-100%
in Povolzhie region, 27-36% in the North-Caucasus region, and 21-100%
in the Ural region (table 15.2).
Figure 15.1 shows the variation in winter and spring wheat yields, de-
pe nding on the drought intensity during various developmental phases of
[197
Table 15.2 Grain yield deviation (%) as compared to the averaged yield in drought
years in Russia and some of its regions
Territory
Drought year (yield deviation from the average, %)
Ru ssian Federation
1975
1979
1981
1984
1995
(32)
(19)
(37)
(17)
(42)
Ce ntral-Chernozem region
1975
1979
1981
1984
1995
(19)
(88)
(89)
(77)
(91)
Povolzhsky region
1972
1975
1979
1981
1984
1995
(53)
(100)
(45)
(68)
(72)
(79)
No rth-Caucasus region
1972
1975
1979
1995
(27)
(30)
(36)
(33)
Ur al region
1975
1981
1984
1987
1995
(100)
(21)
(45)
(41)
(31)
 
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