Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 9.7
Proliferation of hNSCs with (
รพ
GF) and without (2GF) growth factors
[60]
.
of signaling molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) can guide the
sprouting of new vessels. Barkefors used a simple parallel lamination micromixer in flow-focusing
configuration with three streams to investigate angiogenesis of human umbilical vein (HUVEC)
and artery endothelial cells (HUAEC)
[62]
. A concentration gradient of VEGF-A was generated.
HUVECs migrated toward the maximum concentration and switched to nonmigratory phenotypes
at the peak of the concentration distribution. Shamloo et al. investigated the response of HUVECs
in a gradient of VEGF
[63]
. The linear gradient was formed in a free-diffusion generator (
Fig. 9.8
).
The results show that both mean concentration and gradient affect the directional migration of
HUVECs.
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