Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 9.7
Proliferation of hNSCs with (
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GF) and without (2GF) growth factors [60] .
of signaling molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) can guide the
sprouting of new vessels. Barkefors used a simple parallel lamination micromixer in flow-focusing
configuration with three streams to investigate angiogenesis of human umbilical vein (HUVEC)
and artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) [62] . A concentration gradient of VEGF-A was generated.
HUVECs migrated toward the maximum concentration and switched to nonmigratory phenotypes
at the peak of the concentration distribution. Shamloo et al. investigated the response of HUVECs
in a gradient of VEGF [63] . The linear gradient was formed in a free-diffusion generator ( Fig. 9.8 ).
The results show that both mean concentration and gradient affect the directional migration of
HUVECs.
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