Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
9
Application of micromixers
CHAPTER OUTLINE
9.1 Chemical Industry ........................................................................................................................
321
9.1.1 Micromixers as microreactors......................................................................................321
9.1.2 Liquid-liquid reactions...............................................................................................322
9.1.3 Gas-liquid reactions ..................................................................................................324
9.1.4 Polymerization reactions ............................................................................................326
9.1.5 Particles and emulsions .............................................................................................327
9.1.6 Fuel processing .........................................................................................................328
9.2 Applications in Chemical and Biochemical Analysis .......................................................................
329
9.2.1 Concentration measurement .......................................................................................329
9.2.2 Improving chemical and biochemical analysis ..............................................................330
9.2.3 Purification and preconcentration................................................................................333
9.2.4 Biological assays .......................................................................................................334
9.3 Outlook........................................................................................................................................
337
References .........................................................................................................................................
339
9.1
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
9.1.1
Micromixers as microreactors
Micromixers play an important role in the chemical industry because of their unique features as
highlighted in Chapter 1. Generally, the fast mixing process is the key advantage of micromixers.
Micromixers allow the formation of new products that are not possible in large-scale reactors.
Considering a simple reaction between two species A and B to form a product C, the reaction rate
r
is
defined as the generation rate of the product under an isothermal condition:
c
C
d
d
t
¼kc
A
c
B
r ¼
(9.1)
where
c
A
,
c
B
, and
c
C
are the concentration of A, B, and C, respectively. The factors
k
,
a
, and
b
are
called the rate constants and the reaction orders of A and B, respectively. The rate constant
k
is
a function of temperature
T
:
kðTÞ¼k
0
exp
E
0
k
B
T
(9.2)
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