Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
site, scaffold-mediated differentiation of adult and embryonic stem cells, and finally, the
integration of tissue-engineered “biological implants” with the native tissue. All these
developments in regenerative medicine are reviewed in this article.
Keywords
Hydrogels
·
Minimally invasive
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Musculoskeletal tissue engineering
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Scaffold
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Stem cell
Abbreviations
ACT Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation
BMP bone morphogenetic proteins
CO
2
carbon dioxide
CS chondroitin sulfate
ECM extracellular matrix
e-PTFE expanded poly(tetrafluroethylene) membrane
ES embryonic stem cells
GAG glycosaminoglycan
HA hyaluroic acid
hES human embryonic stem cells
IVD intervertebral disc
LCST lower critical solution temperature
MIS minimally invasive surgeries
MMP matrix metalloproteinase
MSC mesenchymal stem cells
NiTi nitinol
OA osteoarthritis
OPF poly(ethylene glycol fumerate)
PAA poly(a cr y l ic a cid)
PAMPS poly(acrylamidomtheyl propane sulfonic acid)
PEG poly(ethylene glycol)
PEO poly(ethylene oxide)
PEGDA poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate)
PGA poly(glycolic acid)
PHEMA poly(hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate)
PLA poly(lactic acid)
PLGA poly(lactic-glycolic) acid
PNIPAm poly(
N
-isopropyl acrylamide)
PPF
poly(propylene fumerate)
PVA
poly(vinyl alcohol)
RGD
arginine-glycine-aspartic acids
SIS
small intestinal submucosa
2D
two dimensional
3D
three dimensional
1
Introduction
Regenerative medicine is an emerging, interdisciplinary field which integrates
a number of diverse fields including cell biology, materials science, engineer-
