Design of Biomass Gasifiers - Biomass Gasification, Pyrolysis and Torrefaction - page 270

Gas to pilot burner

Fuel

Oxygen

Burner

Pressure
water outlet

Cooling screen

Pressure
water inlet
Quench
water

Cooling jacket

Gas outlet

Water
overflow

Granulated slag

FIGURE 8.16 A schematic of a top-fed downflow entrained-flow gasifier.

Figure 8.16 , and (ii) the side-fed upflow (used by Koppers-Totzek, the
Shell gasification process, Prenflo, and the Lurgi multipurpose), shown in
Figure 8.17 .

8.4.1 Top-Fed Gasifier
Top-fed gasifiers use a vertically cylindrical reactor vessel into which pul-
verized fuel (biomass or coal) and gasifying agent(s) are conveyed by oxy-
gen and injected from the top. This vessel resembles a vertical furnace with
a downward burner ( Figure 8.16 ). The fuel and the gasifying agent(s) are
injected into the reactor through a jet that generally sits at the reactor's mid-
dle section.