Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
NH
2
NH
2
NH
2
N
N
N
N
O
N
O
N
O
O
O
P
P
O
P
P
P
P
HO
HO
HO
HPMPCpp
HPMPC
HPMPCp
Viral DNA polymerase
DNA product
DNA template
FIGURE 24.15
Mechanism of antiviral action of cidofovir (HPMPC). HPMPC needs to be phosphorylated,
in two steps, to the diphosphate form before it interferes, as chain terminator (following two consecutive
incorporations in the case of CMV) with the DNA polymerase reaction. (After De Clercq, E.,
Expert Rev.
Anti-infect. Ther
., 1, 21, 2003a.)
24.5
ANTI-INFLUENZAVIRUS COMPOUNDS (INCLUDING RIBAVIRIN)
24.5.1 A
MANTADINE
Structure
(Figure 24.16): Tricyclo[3.3.1.1.
3,7
]decane-1-amine hydrochloride, 1-adamantanamine,
amantadine HCl, Symmetrel
®
, Mantadix
®
, Amantan
®
, etc.
Activity spectrum
: Inl uenza A virus.
Mechanism of action
: Blocks M2 ion channel, and thus prevents the passage of H
+
ions that are
required for the necessary acidity to allow for the decapsidation (viral uncoating process).
