Biomedical Engineering Reference
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(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Fig. 5 Evolution of Elastin Green-Lagrange strains E
11
(a) and E
22
(b), medial collagen Green-
Lagrange strain E
M
þ
(c), average collagen concentration m
C
(d), cyclic areal stretch A
CS
(e) and
the Biaxial Stretch Index v
BSI
(f)att
¼
0
;
5
;
6
;
7
;
8
;
9 years
and IA evolution [
33
-
37
,
66
,
67
] to link both growth and remodelling to cyclic
deformation of vascular cells.
Increased tortuosity is associated with disease or vessel ageing [
68
]. Expanding
AAAs develop specific, quantifiable shapes that can be expressed as a quantitative
tortuosity index that may be relevant to their natural history [
69
]. Moreover, it is
suggested that centreline tortuosity may become a useful addition to maximum
diameter in the decision-making process of AAA treatment [
70
]. In fact, Shum
et al. [
71
] analysed the tortuosity of 10 ruptured and 66 unruptured AAAs and
observed that the mean tortuosity of the ruptured aneurysms (1
:
33
0
:
12) was
greater than the mean tortuosity of the unruptured aneurysms (1
:
23
0
:
11). The
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