Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 5.9
IOMNPs loaded with dox exposed to fresh human whole blood.
(For color version
of this figure, the reader is referred to the online version of this topic)
and drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics will definitely be part of further
studies on NM drug delivery systems in the future.
220,221,222
The use of nonbiodegradable NMs such as carbon-based single- or multi-
wall carbon nanotubes, metallic nanocarriers, and some inorganic oxides may
not be possible in nanomedicine. Depending on their functionalization, bio-
degradable drug nanocarriers can take a number of paths within tissues. The
pharmacokinetics (PK) and excretion routes of the various NMs used as drug
delivery systems demand exhaustive research to clear the path for their human
applications. The path that the nano-enabled drugs take after entry into the liv-
ing system depends on many factors which were discussed in this chapter. The
NM properties that allow its in vivo imaging maybe the most useful property for
elucidating the ADME and PK in nanodrug delivery systems. Further investiga-
tions on the properties of NMs that will allow in vivo imaging and other modes
of detection are important as the NMs enter the realm of human consumption.
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