Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 5
Targeted Drug Delivery
Chapter Outline
5.1 Introduction
181
5.6.2 Uptake by
Nonphagocytic Cells
5.2 Nanomaterials as Vehicles
for Drug Delivery
202
182
5.6.3 Uptake by Drug-
Resistant Cancer Cells
5.3 Factors to Consider for NPs
That Will Be Used for Drug
Delivery
202
5.7 Drug Release and
Biodegradation
185
202
5.3.1 Surface Charge
185
5.7.1 Factors Affecting Drug
Release
5.3.2 Particle Size and
Size Distribution
202
186
5.8 NM Clearance
204
5.4 Drug Loading
188
5.9 Various NM
s
for Drug
Delivery 206
5.9.1 Polymers 206
5.9.2 Micelles 211
5.9.3 Hydrogels 211
5.9.4 Magnetic NPs 212
5.9.5 Nanotubes 216
5.9.6 Semiconductor NPs 217
5.9.7 Dendrimers 218
5.10 The Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) 218
5.11 Conclusion
5.4.1 Encapsulation
of the Drug
189
5.4.2 Attachment of the Drug
on the NM Surface
191
5.5 NM Targeting for Drug
Delivery
194
5.5.1 Antibodies
195
5.5.2 Peptides
197
5.5.3 Aptamers
198
5.5.4 Small Molecules
199
221
5.6 Binding and Uptake
200
5.6.1 Uptake by Phagocytic
Cells
201
5.1 INTRODUCTION
The development of nanomaterials (NMs) has recently revolutionized the tech-
nologies for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It has been envisioned
that the new nanotechnological innovations have the potential to provide exten-
sive benefit for patients. Nanomaterials can mimic and alter biological processes
owing to their size that is comparable to the size of biomolecules. Thus, to date,
various NMs are being developed for targeted drug delivery.
