Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
nanostructures were produced using the wet-processes of
anodization, a pore widening treatment, the pulsed deposition of Pd
particles and electrochemical Ni deposition. Clearly, this complete
process can produce good-quality results.
Figure 1.11
(A) Surface normal, (B) surface angled, and (C) cross-sectional
view of the hexagonally ordered conical Ni film [135]. Reproduced by kind
permission from the publisher.
A double-templating approach using simple electrochemical
methods to create aligned arrays of nanotubes on substrates was
also developed [136]. The method used to fabricate nanotube
arrays is shown schematically in Fig. 1.
12
. Initially, nanorod arrays
are fabricated by electrodeposition into AAO templates. By varying
the anodization conditions, the pore diameter, spacing, and height
can be tuned, and the pore ordering can also be controlled. Nickel
nanorods are then electrodeposited into the pores of the alumina.
After deposition, the exposed ends of the nanorods are modified
by anodization in a dilute KOH solution. Because the anodization is
performed when the alumina is still in place, only the top ends of the
nanorods are anodized. Then the alumina template is removed by
a selective chemical etch, leaving an array of nickel nanorods with
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