Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
modelling. Further research should be aimed at
better defining the appropriate modelling ap-
proach for the different types of flooding and to
give urban flood modellers better guidance on
when to use 1D/1D modelling and when to use
1D/2D modelling.
. Further research is undertaken into the rele-
vance of adequate inclusion of break lines and
walls in urban flood modelling.
. Further research is undertaken into the use of
Infoworks operating in a combined 1D only, 1D/
1D and 1D/2D manner in different parts of a
catchment to determine whether it could usefully
be applied to real-time or near-real-time flood
forecasting.
. Further research is undertaken into the use of 2D
models to simulate pluvial runoff and infiltration
through ground surfaces, and whether 2D model-
ling in urban areas can replace the traditional
hydrological models used in urban drainage
modelling.
. That further catchments, with different ground
slopes, be modelled in both Infoworks and
SIPSON/UIM to further explore the differences
between irregular- and regular-grid 2Dmodels, and
the discrepancies in results obtained by different
1D/2D coupling approaches and parameters and in
relation to the simulation of supercritical flows.
. That the outcome of the ongoing FRMRC2 re-
search work, especially in relation to gulley per-
formance, ismade available for inclusion in future
software updates and tested on a range of case
studies.
. It is clear that urban flood modelling is in its
infancy and thatmuch further interesting research
and model testing need to be completed.
Concluding remarks
A summary of the relative merits of 1D and 2D
modelling approaches is shown in Table 13.3. Ex-
amination of this information highlights that 2D
1D model of drainage
system and local 2D
models of surface
pathways
1D model of
drainage system
and surface
pathways
1D model of
drainage system
River
Simple modelling of local
problems within guidelines derived
from integrated urban drainage
modelling
1D model of drainage
system and local 2D
model of floodplain
Fig. 13.21 Conceptualization of
future integrated urban drainage
and flood risk model.
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