Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The concept of interactions in the urban flooding process. From Djordjevic et al. (1999).
Fig. 13.3
. Coincident flooding: Coincident flooding oc-
curs when two or more of the above flooding
mechanisms occur simultaneously.
With reference to Figure 13.3, it is clear that
there are a series of interactions between the
different components and types of urban flooding.
Subsequently, the latest research has focused on
the development of integrated approaches to urban
flood risk management.
account the key performance indicators for all
types of urban flooding and how they change over
the duration of a flood event.
. To present the integratedmodel in such a format
that it may be used by practising engineers.
. To complete at least two case studies in collab-
oration with UK Water
Industry Research
(UKWIR).
FRMRC integrated model development
FRMRC urban flood modelling aims
Historically, the design and performance of
the below-ground drainage system and the
above-ground major systems have been treated in
isolation, with individual models applied to
each component of the system. For underground
drainage systems and in-bank river flows it is
usual to apply a one-dimensional (1D) model as
the flows in the system are laterally constrained
within the pipe or river cross-section and the
velocity of flow is in one direction. Established
procedures for 1D modelling of sewer networks
are outlined in the WaPUG Code of Practice
for Hydraulic Modelling of Sewer Systems
(WaPUG 2002), and details of appropriate models
for rivers are outlined in Chapter 12. However, in
practice, the direction of the overlandflowswithin
To meet the challenges of an improved under-
standing of urban flood risk, the Flood Risk Man-
agement Research Consortium (FRMRC) funded
the development of an 'Integrated surface and sub-
surface interactive flooding model'. The specific
aims of the research were as follows:
. To enhance existing overland surface flow and
dynamic state hydraulic models for the under-
ground drainage systemthat simulate flood events
in the urban area (depth, velocity and volume).
. To develop a mathematical model to describe
the hydraulic performance of the overland surface
flow and the underground pipes in separate and
combined sewer networks at the time of flood
events. Specifically the model should take into
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