Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
meteorologists in order to avoid humidity-dependent changes to the gas constant of
air. When using the virtual temperature, the gas constant for dry air must be used to
compute air density. It cannot be measured directly. See also acoustic temperature.
Voigt line shape
The Voigt line shape is a result from a convolution of a Gaussian
with a Lorentzian distribution. Doppler broadening leads to a Gaussian line shape,
pressure broadening to a Lorentzian line shape.
Wavelet
Wavelets are localized orthogonal oscillating functions of limited extend
(in contrast to unlimited (nonlocal) trigonometric functions like sine or cosine). A
wavelet transform is the representation of a function by wavelets (see, e.g. Kaiser
1996
). The word wavelet originates from the French word “ondelette”, which means
small wave.
References
Bragg WH, Bragg WL (1913) The reflection of x-rays by crystals. Proc Roy Soc Lond A 88:
428-438
Kaiser G (1996) Physical wavelets and RADAR - a variational approach to remote sensing. IEEE
Anten Propag Mag 1-20
Schotanus P, Nieuwstadt FTM, de Bruin HAR (1983) Temperature measurement with a sonic
anemometer and its application to heat and moisture fluxes. Bound-Lay Meteorol 26:81-93
She C-J (2001) Spectral structure of laser light scattering revisited: bandwidths of nonresonant
scattering lidars. Appl Opt 40:4875-4884
Wandinger U (2005) Introduction to LIDAR. In: Weitkamp C (ed.) Lidar. Range-Resolved Optical
Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Springer Science+ Business Media Inc., New York, 2-18