Dynamic Response of a Wind Farm Consisting of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators to Network Disturbance - Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Application - page 124

Dynamic Response of a Wind Farm Consisting
of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators
to Network Disturbance

Temitope Raphael Ayodele, Abdul-Ganiyu Adisa Jimoh,
Josiah Munda, and John Agee

Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology,
Pretoria, South Africa
{AyodeleTR,JimohAA,MundaJL,AgeeJT}@tut.ac.za

Abstract. In this paper, the response of a wind farm consisting of doubly fed
induction generators when a disturbance occurs on the network is studied. The
disturbances include occurrence of fault on the network, the sudden change in
load, loss of transmission line and loss of generation. The influence of generator
inertial and fault location on the dynamics of the generator is also considered.
First, the mathematical model comprising the variable speed wind conversion
system is established. Based on this model, the simulation results describing the
behaviour of a wind farm consisting of doubly fed induction generators to
different network disturbances are presented.

Keywords: Wind Farm, Doubly Fed Induction Generator, Power System,
Disturbance.

1 Introduction

Wind power has proven to be a renewable energy source that is sustainable for
electricity generation with lower impact on the environment. The rapid development
in wind energy technology and the reduction in wind power production costs have
increased its rate of integration into the grid around the world in recent years. At
present, the wind power growth rate stands at over 20% annually. At the end of 2010,
global cumulative wind power capacity reached 194.4 GW [1] and it is predicted that
12% of the world electricity may come from wind power by the year 2020 [2]. The
global exponential growth of wind power cumulative capacity in the last 15 years is
depicted in Fig.1.
There are various types of wind turbines in use around the world each having its
own advantages and disadvantages [3]. The most used one is the variable speed wind
turbine with doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) due to the numerous advantages
it offers over others [4]. The stator of DFIG is directly connected to the grid while the
rotor is coupled to the grid through a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) frequency
converter. One of the attractive characteristics of this generator is that the converter
carries only the rotor slip power typically in the range of 10-15% of the generated
power [5]. The reduced rating of the converter reduces the cost and the power losses,