HTML and CSS Reference
In-Depth Information
HTML5 Browser Support
Most of the new HTML5 semantic elements and attributes are supported by contemporary
desktop and mobile browsers (Chrome, Safari, Opera, Firefox, and Internet Explorer 9+). For
browsers that do not support new elements and APIs, there is usually a JavaScript polyfill
(patch) that simulates support. For a thorough list of existing polyfills, see Modernizr's col-
lection at www.github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/wiki/HTML5-Cross-Browser-Polyfills .
One example of a simple polyfill is the “HTML5 Shiv” script created by Remy Sharp. To
make older browsers such as Internet Explorer 8 and earlier recognize new HTML5 elements
(thus making them accessible to styles and scripts), you could write JavaScript to create each
element in DOM one at a time.
For example, this command creates a section element:
document.createElement("section");
The HTML5 Shiv script, created by Remy Sharp, creates all of the new elements for you at
once. To use it, simply point to the Google-hosted script shown here:
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/
html5-els.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
The following resources are useful for tracking HTML5 real-world support and use:
“When Can I Use…”
A comparison of browser support for HTML5, CSS3, and other web technologies main-
tained by Alexis Deveria.
HTML5 Please
Recommends which HTML5 and CSS3 features are ready to use and which fallback to
use when appropriate.
Wikipedia “Comparison of Layout Engines (HTML5)”
Charts show HTML5 support by the major browser layout engines.
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