Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 15
Swimming and
shing
area in the female lake
location where they have a panoramic view of the whole
caldera;
Alves et al.
2004
). However, while biodiversity encourages
human activities, it can be threatened by them. The geo-
logical and biological diversity of Mt Manengouba has
attracted a multi-ethnic active population (Mbo, Bakossi,
Bamileke, Bamenda and Bororo) who settled there to
undertake agriculture, animal breeding and hunting.
Farming
The Manengouba volcano is underlain by Ando
soils developed on basic volcanic rocks (mainly basalts and
pyroclastic ejecta) that contain fertilizing elements (Kagou
Dongmo et al.
1999
). This promoted the practice of farming
that is well developed in the downslope areas of Mt Ma-
nengouba. More than ten types of crops are grown: coffee,
cacao, plantains, bananas, melons, tubers (manioc, yam, and
tarot), maize, potatoes, beans, fruit (avocado, sugar cane,
pineapple) and pigments (Fig.
16
). These products are
marketed in some of the villages near the volcano.
Breeding and hunting
Mt Manengouba geomorphosites
are strewn by vegetation comprised mainly of forests and
meadow as natural herbage (Fig.
17
). The latter supports
animal breeding at the summit of the volcano. Stock raising
(cattle and sheep) is practiced in the calderas (Fig.
18
). The
annual income from this activity is about USD 290,000
(ZangmoTefogoum et al.
2011b
).
There are two categories of forest: gallery forests located
in the Eboga caldera, and forest reserves (Bakaka, Manehas,
Mekomb
3.
the third trail for tourists on foot passes through Mou-
anguel, when, after one and half hour
'
s walking, they
arrive on the eastern
fl
ank of the caldera;
4.
the fourth trail for tourists on foot passes through
Nsoung, and, after two and a half hours
'
walking on the
ank of the caldera.
According to Reynard et al. (
2003
), Pralong (
2006
),
geosites should possess original (or primary) and derived
(secondary) tourist attractions. In this region, the original
attraction is the geology (rocks, crater lakes, volcanoes,
domes, etc.) and the derived attraction is the set of infra-
structures, goods and services that are offered to tourists to
facilitate their visit. As presented above, the Mt Manengouba
geomorphosites are the primary attraction in the region. The
secondary attractions are not well developed, nevertheless
there are infrastructures such as accommodation in the
closest village to the calderas (Zangmo Tefogoum et al.
2012b
), and two degraded shelters in the Eboga caldera. One
of the limits of the derived tourist attractions is the lack of
guide books and interpretative panels.
uneven track, arrive on the southern
fl
2.2.2 Farming, Breeding and Hunting
In several cases geomorphosites provide the basis for human
occupation and biodiversity (Ferreira et al.
2001
;
2003
;
é
and Eko)
that are mainly distributed in the
