Introduction - Energy Harvesting Autonomous Sensor Systems - page 26

Battery Watch Movement

Heat Flow

Heat Flow

hermo-
electric
Modules
Adiabatic
Case

Cross-Sectional
Vie w Booster

Integrated Circuit Arm

1.7 mm

2.14 mm

1.27 mm

2.14 mm 2.36 mm
hermoelectric Module

hermopile Array

hermoelectric Modules

(a) Seiko thermic wristwatch (b) hermal powered wireless sensor node

Solar
Concentrator

Transparent
Window

Black Body
Heat Sink

TEGs

(c) Solar thermal powered system

FIGURE 1.18
Examples of TEH systems. (From N.S. Hudak and G.G. Amatucci, “Small-scale energy harvesting through thermoelectric, vibration, and radio frequency
power conversion,” Journal of Applied Physics , vol. 103, no. 10, pp. 101-301(1-24), 2008 [37]; V. Leonov, T. Torfs, P. Fiorini, and C. Van Hoof, “Thermoelectric
converters of human warmth for self-powered wireless sensor nodes,” IEEE Sensors Journal , vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 650-657, 2007 [39]; H.A. Sodano, G.E. Simmers,
R. Dereux, and D.J. Inman, “Recharging batteries using energy harvested from thermal gradients,” Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures , vol. 18,
no. 1, pp. 3-10, 2007 [40].)