Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
R.K.
P.
Rectum
L.K.
Duodenum
B.g.
Colon
Omasum
Small intestine
Figure 2.4 Projection of viscera of bull on body wall, right side. B.g., bulbourethral gland; B.l., urinary bladder; G.b., gall bladder;
L.K., left kidney; P. (above duodenum), pancreas; P. (below G.b.), pylorus; R.K. right kidney; V.s., vesicular gland. Costal attachment and
median line of diaphragm are indicated by dotted lines.
Table 2.3 Length of intestines (m)
Small intestine
Large intestine
Cattle
36.5
9
Horse
24.3
6
Anterior
blind sac
Sheep
25.6
6
Pig
17.1
4.8
Rumen
ventral sac
suet). Mechanical methods for the cleaning of both ox
and sheep stomachs are now operating satisfactorily in
modern triperies.
Posterior
ventral
blind sac
Pig
The pig stomach is a simple one, semilunar in shape,
with a small pocket or diverticulum at the cardiac (i.e.
oesophageal) end. The mucous membrane of the cardiac
end is pale grey, while the central fundic region is red-
dish brown, becoming paler and corrugated towards the
pyloric end. The average capacity of the stomach is 6.5 l.
Figure 2.5 Abdominal viscera of sheep, ventral aspect. For 'ante-
rior blind sac', read cranial end of ventral sac; for 'posterior ventral
blind sac', read caudoventral blind sac; for 'posterior dorsal blind
sac', read caudodorsal blind sac.
Horse
The horse stomach is a simple one; the mucous mem-
brane of the whitish oesophageal portion is clearly dis-
tinguishable from the reddish, soft and vascular fundic
and pyloric portions. The average capacity is 12 l.
Sheep and goat (Fig. 2.5)
The stomach is similar in structure to that of the ox and
has an average capacity of 18 l. The first and second
stomachs together yield 0.9 kg of tripe; the fourth stom-
ach is also sometimes used, but the third is often dis-
carded. The sheep rumen is also used in Scotland as a
container for haggis (cooked minced heart, liver and
lungs, seasoned with salt, pepper, cayenne, nutmeg and
grated onion mixed with oatmeal and shredded beef
Intestines
Small Duodenum, jejunum and ileum
Large Caecum, colon and rectum
The average length of the intestines is shown in
Table  2.3. Thus, for practical purposes, the ratio of the
length of the small intestine to the large intestine is 4:1.
 
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