Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
used to manufacture a rind emulsion for sausage pro-
duction. In order to reduce the risk to human health,
hides and skins must derive from animals that have
passed ante-mortem and post-mortem inspection. A
system must therefore be implemented to ensure hides/
skins from carcases that have been classified as unfit or
detained for further investigation can be identified and
segregated. The raw material and processing must be
carried out in a manner which removes any physical,
chemical or bacteriological hazard.
Gelatine is manufactured from the hides and skins of
farmed ruminants, pigs, poultry and wild game. In this
case, raw material is subjected to a treatment with acid or
alkali, followed by one or more rinses. The pH must be
adjusted subsequently. Gelatine must be extracted by
heating one or several times in succession, followed by
purification by means of filtration and sterilisation.
Collagen is manufactured from hides and skins of rumi-
nant farm animals and wild game, pig and poultry skins
and bones and tendons. Collagen must be produced by a
process that ensures that the raw material is subjected to a
treatment involving washing, pH adjustment followed by
one or more rinses, filtration, extrusion or by an approved
equivalent process. The collagen may then be dried.
Animal by-product collection, identification process-
ing and storage in Europe is regulated under Regulation
(EC) No 1069/2009 and the food hygiene and transmis-
sible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) regulations.
Under Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009, they are catego-
rised as follows:
Category 1
a.
Entire bodies and all body parts, including hides and
skins, of the following animals:
i
Animals suspected of being infected by a TSE in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 or
in which the presence of a TSE has been oicially
conirmed
ii
Animals killed in the context of TSE eradication
measures
iii
Animals other than farmed and wild animals,
including in particular pet animals, zoo animals
and circus animals
iv
Animals used for experiments as deined by Article
2(d) of Directive 86/609/EEC without prejudice to
Article 3(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003
v
Wild animals, when suspected of being infected
with diseases communicable to humans or animals
b.
The following material:
i
SRM; see Table 8.6
ii
Entire bodies or parts of dead animals containing
SRM at the time of disposal
c.
Animal by-products derived from animals which
have been submitted to illegal treatment as defined in
Article 1(2)(d) of Directive 96/22/EC or Article 2(b)
of Directive 96/23/EC
Animal by-products
Animal by-products are any animal carcase, part of an
animal carcase or any material of animal origin not
intended for human consumption.
Material becomes
animal by-product when either they are unfit and/or
unsafe, or the food business operator decides that they
will not be used for human consumption.
Table 8.6
Specified Risk Material (SRM)
Age
Parts classified as SRM
Cattle - within the EU
All ages
Tonsils
Intestine from the duodenum to the rectum
Mesentery
Over 12 months
The skull excluding the mandible and including the brain and eyes
Spinal cord
Over 30 months
Vertebral column including the dorsal root ganglia, but excluding vertebrae of
the tail, the spinous and transverse process of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar
vertebrae, median sacral crest and wings of the sacrum
Sheep and goats - within the EU
All ages
The spleen and ileum (To ensure that all is removed, approximately 60 cm of
the terminal small intestine should be removed and disposed of as SRM from the
ileo-caecal junction, upwards and away from the caecum.)
Over 12 months, or with one permanent incisor
erupted
Skull including the brain and eyes, tonsils and spinal cord (Skull does not include
horns.)
This table may be subject to change as per requirements of the EU and national legislation.
