Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
Women migrants into European cities
During the later 19th and earlier 20th centuries, the
migration of young women into European cities was regarded
as problematic by established members of middle-class
society. There were fears for their morality that translated
into the regulation of sexuality and gender. Cities were seen
as dangerous places for the traffi cking of girls for immoral
purposes and societies were established to counteract this
perceived threat. The International Association of Friends
of Young Women was established in Switzerland in 1877 and
eventually claimed to have helped 35,000 young women.
Activities were not confi ned to Switzerland, and in Berlin, for
example, over 80,000 women were helped. Railway stations
were seen as having key roles as gateways into the new ways
of life, and the train station assistants were so placed to
guide, give advice to, and help new migrants. Middle-class
mores revolved around Christianity, motherhood, and
altruism, and these were practised as a means of maintaining
standards of behaviour and social order.
The above listing of types of applied geography has included brief
descriptions of the kinds of activities that fall within this category.
A fuller example is offered by research into natural hazards
,
a theme that involves both physical and human geographers,
serves as an integrated example within geography, and is
also
interdisciplinary as it links with the skills of geophysicists,
engineers, psychologists, and communications experts. Its
established presence in geography demonstrates the necessary
synthesis of methods and ideas.
A natural hazard has two main components, the physical event
or process that often occurs cataclysmically and the vulnerability
of people located in its area of impact. The physical event can be
