Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
3.1
1.9
0.6
-0.6
-1.9
-3.1
-3.1
-1.9
-0.6
0.6
1.9
3.1
(a)
(b)
0.17
2.45
4.74
7.02
Figure 11.4
Visualization and reducing enhancing clutter: (a) arrows represent flow textures,
whereas (b) translates this flow by convolving it with a noise function that reduces distractions.
In both cases colour maps the numerical value of the flow magnitude [
source:
these images were
created by Jia Liu at the University of Manchester, to show new visualizations texture modes, for
vortex flow analysis (Liu
et al
., 2005)]
Angles and shapes
Levels of cells within the brain by combination create more and more complicated neural
results. This shows that it is not just value changes of data that are important, but as these
more complex cells respond specifically to particular angles, widths and sizes of stimuli,
certain shapes will therefore be easier to see and thus more obvious to a user. A simple
kind of artefact based on visual clutter is shown in Figure 11.4. This illustrates a vector flow
field using arrows that in their mass visually distract as there are many highly visible edges.
The edges of the lines are all sharp and are thus highlighted artificially within the human
visual system, which is not likely to be the required response. The second image (b) tries to
address this issue by convolving a vector field with a texture map. This texture field illustrates
both continuous flow characteristics as well as using frequencies that minimize distractions.
The frequencies chosen within the texture field are those with a high response and visual
significance to the human visual system.
Misconnected parts
Higher visual elements allow for unconnected parts to be automatically associated with
each other with these neurons being termed contour cells. This means that some areas that
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