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results that will be added to it. We call the value runningTimes.length the
capacity of the table —the total number of times the rat may be run through the
maze. The program must maintain, in some fashion, the number of times the rat
has been run so far, that is, the current size of the table. This is usually done using
an int variable. The usual convention is to declare the following:
// Table of running times is runningTimes[0..numberOfRuns - 1]
double [] runningTimes;
int numberOfRuns;
Here, we have declared not only the array but variable numberOfRuns , which
says how many running times are in the table. Further, the comment says where
these times are stored in the array —in the first numberOfRuns elements. Here is
an example array, which contains four running times.
0 1 2 3 numberOfRuns runningTimes.length
runni
29.5 99.9 99.0 47.2
?
We place a question mark in section runningTimes[numberOfRuns..] to indi-
cate that we do not know (or care) what values are in it.
Adding a new running time t (say) would then be done as follows —taking
the approach that the insertion is done only if there is room and that a message
is printed if there is no room:
if (numberOfRuns < runningTimes.length) {
runningTimes[numberOfRuns]= t;
numberOfRuns= numberOfRuns + 1;
} else {
System.out.println("Sorry, array is full");
}
Sometimes we may want to delete the last value, perhaps because of a typ-
ing mistake. That is easy: simply decrement runningTimes :
runningTimes= runningTimes - 1;
Doing this when the table has four values, as shown above, terminates in this
state:
0 1 2 numberOfRuns runningTimes.length
r
29.5 99.9 99.0 47.2
?
Element runningTimes[3] still contains the value 47.2 . But we do not care
about it; only elements runningTimes[0..numberOfRuns-1] are relevant.
In other situations, we may want to remove an arbitrary element running-
Times[i] , where 0 ≤ i < numberOfRuns , as shown below:
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