Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 18.
The effect of calcium gluconate on the hydration of portland cement.
(a)
rate of
heat development
(b)
integral heat development.
Table 3.
Minimum Concentrations of Various Retarders (%) Required to
Achieve Desired Induction Periods
Retarding Agent
Induction Periods (Hrs)
10
20
30
40
Ca Gluconate
0.10
0.12
0.13
0.14
Glucose
<0.10
0.15
0.23
>0.30
Glycolic Acid
<0.50
0.55
0.64
0.79
Molasses
0.10
0.13
0.20
>0.20
Na Borate
0.51
0.63
>0.70
<0.10
Na Citrate
0.21
0.32
0.39
<0.50
Na Heptonate
<0.10
0.12
0.14
>0.15
Na Hexametaphosphate
<0.20
1.00
>1.00
——
Na Pyrophosphate
<0.20
0.38
1.00
>1.20
S.F. Ca Lignosulfonate
0.51
0.52
0.54
0.58
Sucrose
0.04
0.06
0.073
>0.075
