Graphics Reference
In-Depth Information
Trim marks:
see
crop marks
V
Tritone: A halftone made from three col-
ors.
Value:
The lightness or darkness of a
color. Darker values where black is added
are called
shades
. Lighter values where
white is added are called
tints
or
pastels
.
Tube: A carton in the shape of a rectangu-
lar sleeve formed from a sheet of board
that is folded over and glued against its
edges.
Varnish: Coating applied to paper to give it
a dull or glossy finish or to provide protec-
tion against scuffing and fingerprints.
Typeface:
Design of alphabetic letters,
numerals, and symbols unified by consis-
tent visual properties. Typeface designs
are identified by name, such as Helvetica
or Garamond.
Vector:
Graphics that are made up using
mathematical equations based on straight
lines and curves. Vector graphics are
infinitely scaleable.
Type family:
A range of style variations
based on a single typeface design.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs): Refers
to a broad class of organic gasses that
includes vapors from solvents, inks, and
gasoline and can react with other materi-
als to form ozone, the major ingredient
of smog.
Type style:
Modifications in a typeface
that create design variety while maintain-
ing the visual character of the typeface.
These include variations in weight (light,
medium or bold), width (condensed or
extended), or angle (italic or slanted ver-
sus roman or upright).
Virgin fiber:
Refers to paper pulp fiber that
is derived directly from its organic source.
W
U
Watermark:
A translucent impression
made in a sheet of paper created during
its manufacture.
Uncoated paper:
Paper that has not been
coated with clay.
Unit cost: The cost of one item in a print
run arrived at by dividing the total cost
of production by the number of pieces
produced.
Web-fed: A printing process utilizing paper
fed through the press from a roll.
Wet trapping:
Printing an ink or varnish
over another layer of ink or varnish while
the bottom layer is still wet.
Unsharp masking:
Adjusting an image digi-
tally to make it appear as though it is in
better focus.
Widow:
A word or part of a word that is
the last line of a paragraph or that ends
up at the top of a page by itself.
UV or ultraviolet coating: Liquid applied
to a sheet of paper that his heat cured
with ultraviolet light, resulting in a hard,
durable finish.
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