Glossary - The Graphic Design: Reference and Specification - page 198

FPO: Stands for “For Position Only.” FPOs
are stand-in replicas of imagery that will
be printed. They are typically low-resolu-
tion (low-res) versions of high-resolution
(high-res) images that are temporarily
placed in a digital document to show how
an image should be sized and cropped.
When the job is printed, the low-res
images are replaced with the high-res
equivalents.

GIF or .gif (Graphics Interchange Format):
An 8-bit, low-memory option for posting
images online.

Grade: A term used to distinguish between
various qualities of printing papers.
Examples of grades include premium and
grades 1 through 5 for coated papers.

Grammage: The European and Asian
method of measuring paper weight by rep-
resenting the gram weight of one square
meter of paper, expressed as grams per
square meter or gsm.

French fold: Multiple fold where the paper
is first folded in half in one direction, then
folded in half again, perpendicular to the
first fold.

Graphic arts: The trades, industries, and
professions related to designing and print-
ing on paper and other substrates.

G

Gravure: Printing process where the mat-
ter to be printed is etched into the print-
ing surface. Also called intaglio .

Ganging: A cost-saving technique where a
number of different items are reproduced
at the same time, as in ganging several
items on the same sheet of paper or
separating several items at the same
percentage.

Grayscale image: A continuous-tone black-
and-white image such as a photograph or
illustration.

Gathered signatures: Signatures assem-
bled next to each other in the binding
process.

Grid: The invisible framework on which a
page is designed.

Gripper edge: The leading edge of a sheet
of paper clamped by metal grippers as it
is pulled through the printing press, typi-
cally about 3/ 8 ” (9.525 mm). Also called
the gripper margin .

Grippers: The press mechanism that
draws the paper through the cylinders of
the press.

Gathered signatures are bound side by side.

Gutter: The white space between columns
of type or between pages on a two-page
spread.

Gatefold: A folding style where the outer
edges fold inward to meet in the gutter,
and then folded again at the point where
they meet to form eight panels or pages.

Gutter bleed: see crossover