Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 16
Introduction to Molecular Biology
Related to Electrochemical DNA-Based
Biosensors
Yalcin Erzurumlu and Petek Ballar
Ege University, School of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Department,
35100, Izmir, Turkey
petek.ballar@ege.edu.tr
16.1 Introduction
Molecular recognition is central to biosensor technology. Receptors,
enzymes, antibodies, aptamers, molecular beacons, and nucleic
acids are mainly used as molecular recognition elements in
biosensor development (Chambers et al ., 2008). Since 1990, nucleic
acids, especially deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) have been used as
biorecognition elements in biosensor technology. These biosensors
are named asDNA-basedbiosensors.
DNA was first isolated in 1869 by Friedrich Miescher as a
phosphorous-containing substance called nuclein (Dahm, 2008). In
1943, Oswald Avery and his colleagues discovered that DNA is the
bearer of genetic information by permanently transforming a non-
virulent form of the organism into a virulent form via transforming
Electrochemical DNA Biosensors
Edited by Mehmet Ozsoz
Copyright c 2012 Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.
ISBN 978-981-4241-77-9 (Hardcover), 978-981-4303-98-9 (eBook)
www.panstanford.com
 
 
 
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