Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 13
Electrochemical Nucleic Acid Biosensors
Based on Hybridization Detection for
Clinical Analysis
P.Kara,D.Ariksoysal,andM.Ozsoz
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University,
35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
pinar.kara@ege.edu.tr
13.1 Introduction
Identification of nucleic acid sequences especially in biological
samples led to early diagnosis of many mutations, microbiological,
and inherited diseases [1]. The detection of specific base sequences
in human, viral, or bacterial DNA holds great importance in
diagnosis of several diseases. Detection of infectious and inherited
diseases at molecular levels provides reliable and early diagnosis.
Traditional diagnostic methods for clinical analysis based on
coupling of electrophoretic separations, radioisotope or fluorescent
labeling are toxic and time consuming. Due to these labor-intensive
methods these are not well suited for routine and rapid clinical
analysis [2]. Recently, there have been major advances in DNA
sequencing technologies [3]. Several methods including various
