Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
conducting electrode (auxiliary or counterelectrode), and a refer-
ence electrode.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
A technique based on
evaluation of the interfacial impedance, which is obtained upon
application of a small AC voltage overlaid on a DC bias potential to
thesensing(working)electrodeandmeasurementoftheACcurrent
obtainedin the steady state.
Electrode/working electrode
In general, an electrode that serves
as a transducer responding to the excitation signal and the
concentration of the substance of interest in the solution being
investigated,andthatpermitstheflowofcurrentsu
cientlylargeto
effect appreciable changes of bulk composition within the ordinary
durationofameasurement[2-4].Inelectrochemicalanalysis,differ-
ent working electrodes are used, e.g., dropping mercury electrode
(DME) (typically in polarography), static mercury drop electrode
(SMDE), or solid electrodes (in voltammetry and other electroana-
lytical techniques). In electrochemical sensors/biosensors, suitable
working electrodes are used as physicochemical transducers that
convert abiologicalrecognition event into a measurable signal.
Groove binding
Binding of a guest molecule, typically of a moon-
shaped and flat in structure, into the exteriorof the DNA helix.
Impedimetric DNA biosensor
A DNA biosensor based on electro-
chemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) detection. It is a device
that transduces changes in interfacial properties between the
electrode (with the DNA film) and the electrolyte induced by
DNA hybridization, conformational changes, or DNA damages to an
electrical signal [19].
Immobilization
Amethodthatcanimmobilizeabiologicalreceptor
withhighbiologicalactivityinathinlayeratthetransducersurface.
Itis astep in biosensorfabrication.
Intercalation
Insertion of a guest molecule between the base pairs
of the DNA helix.
