Assessing Health Risks from Arsenic Intake by Residents in Cambodia - Environmental Contamination: Health Risks and Ecological Restoration - page 68

determine.the.intercorrelations.between.As w ,.As h ,.ADD,.hazard.quotient.
(HQ),.cancer.risk.(R),.body.weight.(BW),.IR,.exposure.duration.(ED),.gen-
der,.and.age.groups..Signiicance.was.considered.in.circumstances.where.
p.<.0.05.

ResultsandDiscussion
Chemistry of Cambodia Groundwater

The. results. from. chemical. measurements. of. Cambodia. groundwater.
are. presented. in. Table. 5.1.. In. the. Kampong. Cham. province. study. area,.
groundwater.was.slightly.acidic.with.a.pH.range.of.6.21-6.96..High.Eh.val-
ues. (164.5-319.mV). indicated. that. the. groundwater. was. under. oxidizing.
conditions.. In. contrast,. groundwater. from. Kandal. and. Kratie. study. areas.
was.quite.similar;.it.had.circumneutral.pH.and.was.under.reducing.condi-
tions. (low. Eh. values).. Reducing. condition. might. favor. the. dissolution. of.
toxic. trace. elements. from. sediments. to. pore. water.. A. signiicant. regional.
difference. was. observed. in. As,. Mn,. Fe,. and. Ba. concentrations. in. ground-
water.among.the.three.study.areas.(Kruskal-Wallis.test,.p.<.0.0001)..In.the.
Kandal. province. study. area,. analytical. results. indicate. that. groundwater.

TABLE 5.1
Mean,.Median,.Standard.Deviation,.and.Min.and.Max.of.Groundwater.Analyzed.
in.“Kandal,”.“Kratie,”.and.“Kampong.Cham”.Provinces.

Eh
(mV)

Ba
(μg/L)

Fe
(μg/L)

Mn
(μg/L)

TotAs
(μg/L) StudyArea Statistics pH

Kandal.(n.=.46) Mean

Median
SD
Min
Max

7.17
7.13
0.26
6.58
7.85

−151.67
−154.75
20.27
−189.00
−55.00

1028.26
872.38
477.74
446.25
2652.50

5,901.9
5,564.2
3,017.6
1,367.4
17,134.5

584.23
405.75
516.49
88.18
3045.00

846.14
822.63
298.11
247.08
1841.50

Kratie.(n.=.12) Mean

Median
SD
Min
Max

6.48
6.36
0.73
5.53
7.37

−116.70
−101.35
37.34
−169.85
−57.95

102.38
64.45
102.96
0.25
359.90

899.2
74.8
1,895.7
0.7
5,114.0

588.71
274.45
750.98
0.33
2139.00

22.22
1.30
43.89
0.12
140.60

Kampong.
Cham.(n.=.18)

Mean
Median
SD
Min
Max

6.75
6.84
0.23
6.21
6.96

221.44
200.50
46.27
164.50
319.00

18.56
18.06
10.08
4.04
47.40

16.5
15.8
13.1
2.2
59.8

4.31
0.81
8.16
0.22
26.26

1.28
1.22
0.58
0.12
2.37

Source: . Sthiannopkao,.S..et.al.,. Appl. Geochem .,.23,.1086,.2008.
Tot.As,.Total.As;.SD,.Standard.deviation;.Max,.Maximum;.Min,.Minimum.