Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
5
Assessing Health Risks from Arsenic
Intake by R
esidents in Cambodia
SuthipongSthiannopkao,KongkeaPhan,
Kyoung-WoongKim,andMingHungWong
CONTENTS
Introduction............................................................................................................ 63
Materials.and.Methods......................................................................................... 65
Study.Area......................................................................................................... 65
Field.Sampling................................................................................................... 65
Sample.Analyses............................................................................................... 67
Statistical.Analysis............................................................................................ 67
Results.and.Discussion......................................................................................... 68
Chemistry.of.Cambodia.Groundwater.......................................................... 68
Arsenic.Risk.Assessment................................................................................. 69
Arsenic.Content.in.Scalp.Hair......................................................................... 80
Conclusions............................................................................................................ 86
Acknowledgments................................................................................................. 86
References............................................................................................................... 87
Introduction
The. widespread. switch. from. microbiologically. unsafe. surface. water. to.
microbiologically.safe.groundwater.has.led.to.the.unanticipated.poisoning.
of. large. numbers. of. people. in. the. developing. world. who. have. consumed.
various.toxic.trace.elements..In.particular,.elevated.concentrations.of.arsenic.
in.groundwater.have.been.reported.in.Taiwan.(Tseng.1977,.Tseng.et.al..1968),.
West. Bengal. (India),. and. Bangladesh. (Das. et. al.. 1994,. Mandal. et. al.. 1998,.
Nickson.et.al..1998),.resulting.in.a.major.public.health.issue..In.Bangladesh.
and.West.Bengal.(India),.it.is.estimated.that.approximately.40.million.peo-
ple. are. suffering. from. drinking. naturally. occurring. arsenic-rich. shallow.
groundwater. (Gault. et. al.. 2008).. Despite. these. concerns,. groundwater. is.
still.a.major.source.of.drinking.water.in.the.developing.world,.especially.in.
Southeast.Asia..Recently,.unsafe.levels.of.arsenic.have.also.been.revealed.in.
63
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